Showing posts with label Research. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Research. Show all posts

Wednesday, April 9, 2014

Mumbai to get its first birth defect management clinic

By Santish Andhale


Prevention is better than cure and preventing something right at the onset is even better. This is what the civic body seems to have decided to follow.

The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) plans to start a Birth Defect Management Clinic at KEM Hospital to rectify anomalies in children immediately after birth. Many of these anomalies become serious problems later on as parents tend to waste precious time and decide to treat it once the child is slightly older.

The KEM Hospital administration will create a special team comprising a paediatrician, ophthalmic surgeon, cardiac surgeon and paediatric surgeon for this clinic. Apart from hospital doctors, the BMC health department will also appoint super-specialty doctors from outside on a contract basis.

A congenital disorder or disease is a condition existing at birth or one that develops during the first month of life (neonatal disease). Birth defect is a widely used term for a congenital malformation, ie a congenital, physical anomaly which is recognisable at birth and which is significant enough to be considered a problem.

There are several children who are born with defects like squint, cardiac problem and bone disorder among others.

Director of medical education, BMC, Dr Suhasini Nagda said, "Chances of a child with an anomaly leading a normal life are higher if the problem is detected early and treated on time. But either there is lack of awareness among parents or they don't get proper advice about the disease and treatment. That's why we have decided to open a dedicated clinic at KEM Hospital, where doctors will only work on cases of birth defects. We have already started a special outpatient department for such cases. Parents can get the right advice under one roof."

"For now, we plan to open this clinic only at KEM Hospital, but, in the future, we will extend the service in Sion and Nair hospitals as well. This will be a first-of-a-kind clinic in a BMC-run hospital."

Saturday, October 13, 2012

Water Disinfection By-Products and the Risk of Congenital Anomalies in Kaunas

Abstract


There is growing evidence from epidemiological studies that maternal exposure to increased drinking water chlorination by-products – THM may be associated with congenital anomalies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of maternal exposure during pregnancy to individual THM internal dose effect on the risk of congenital anomalies.
We conducted a population-based prospective study of 3074 Kaunas residents births in 2007–2009 using THM exposure estimated as internal dose. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis and compared the risk of any congenital anomalies in four exposure categories of THM internal dose quartiles. In addition, we conducted a linear regression models analysis with adjustment for maternal physiological, lifestyle and sociodemographic characteristics.
Effect estimates based on total THMs and chloroform quartiles, tended to increase congenital anomalies risk but there were no statistically significant effect. However, we found dose–response relationships for the bromodichloromethane (BDCM) internal dose and risk for any congenital anomalies. The adjusted odds ratio for fourth quartile vs. first quartile was 1.5, 95% CI 1.002.55. The OR per every 0.01 μg/d increase in BDCM internal dose was 1.03, 95% CI 1.00–1.07. Effect estimates associated with dibromochloromethane (DBCM) exposure levels also revealed statistically significant association with the congenital anomalies risk (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.02-1.48). 
The present study suggests that prenatal exposure to total THM have tendency to increase the risk of any congenital anomalies, while exposure to BDCM and DBCM statistically significantly increases the risk of any congenital anomaly.

Keywords


drinking water by-products; THM; internal dose; congenital anomalies
Full Text: PDF 

Print ISSN: 1392-1649 
Online ISSN: 2029-2139